Results for 'Shai Joshua Lavi'

962 found
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  1.  13
    Bioethics and biopolitics in Israel: socio-legal, political and empirical analysis.Hagai Boas, Shai Joshua Lavi, Yael Hashiloni-Dolev, Dani Filc & Nadav Davidovitch (eds.) - 2018 - Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press.
    This book offers a novel understanding of Israeli bioethics that is a milestone in the comparative literature of bioethics. Bringing together a range of experts, the book's interdisciplinary structure employs a contemporary, sociopolitical-oriented approach to bioethics issues, with an emphasis on empirical analysis, that will appeal not only to scholars of bioethics, but also to students of law, medicine, humanities, and social sciences around the world. Its focus on the development of bioethics in Israel makes it especially relevant to scholars (...)
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  2.  18
    Euthanasia and the Changing Ethics of the Deathbed.Shai Lavi - 2003 - Theoretical Inquiries in Law 4 (2).
    During the course of the nineteenth century, a dramatic change took place in the way Americans die. The deathbed, formerly governed predominantly by religious tradition, gradually was being shaped by medical ethics and state law. By the end of the nineteenth century, not only had the physician replaced the priest as master of ceremonies at the deathbed, but the state, in the form of positive law, had begun to express an interest in regulating the treatment of the dying patient. This (...)
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  3.  31
    Animal Laws and the Politics of Life: Slaughterhouse Regulation in Germany, 1870-1917.Shai Lavi - 2007 - Theoretical Inquiries in Law 8 (1):221-250.
    What makes modern law and politics modern? What makes the question of "modernity" so central to our understanding of contemporary law and politics? To offer one possible answer to these questions this study examines the changing relationship between animals and humans and, more specifically, the new regulation of the slaughterhouse in turn of the century Germany. If humans and animals meet in the modern agora it is neither because animals are now perceived as more human-like, as champions of progress would (...)
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  4.  30
    Medicine, Technology, and Religion Reconsidered: The Case of Brain Death Definition in Israel.Hagai Boas, Shai Lavi & Sky Edith Gross - 2019 - Science, Technology, and Human Values 44 (2):186-208.
    The introduction of respiratory machines in the 1950s may have saved the lives of many, but it also challenged the notion of death itself. This development endowed “machines” with the power to form a unique ontological creature: a live body with a “dead” brain. While technology may be blamed for complicating things in the first place, it is also called on to solve the resulting quandaries. Indeed, it is not the birth of the “brain-dead” that concerns us most, but rather (...)
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  5. Beccaria's secular metaphysics : pain, time and state authority.Shai Lavi - 2022 - In Antje du Bois-Pedain & Shachar Eldar (eds.), Re-reading Beccaria: on the contemporary significance of a penal classic. New York: Hart.
     
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  6. Beccaria's secular metaphysics : pain, time and state authority.Shai Lavi - 2022 - In Antje du Bois-Pedain & Shachar Eldar (eds.), Re-reading Beccaria: on the contemporary significance of a penal classic. New York: Hart.
     
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  7.  16
    The Use of Force Beyond the Liberal Imagination: Terror and Empire in Palestine, 1947.Shai Lavi - 2006 - Theoretical Inquiries in Law 7 (1):199-228.
    The question of the use of force and its relation to political power has resurfaced in an era of terror attacks and wars against terror. The liberal conceptualization of this relation is limited by the bipolar understanding of force as either legitimate or illegitimate. Turning to the history of the Irgun, a Jewish underground movement, and its struggle against the British Empire in 1947 Palestine, this article seeks to expand the understanding of force beyond the liberal paradigm. The article offers (...)
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  8.  46
    Beyond Natural Potentiality: Brain-Death Pregnancy, Viable Fetuses, and Pre-implanted Embryos.Shai J. Lavi - 2017 - Law and Ethics of Human Rights 11 (2):161-187.
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  9.  24
    Crimes of action, crimes of thought : Arendt on reconciliation, forgiveness, and judgment.Shai Lavi - 2010 - In Roger Berkowitz (ed.), Thinking in Dark Times: Hannah Arendt on Ethics and Politics. New York: Fordham University Press. pp. 229-236.
  10.  25
    Introduction.Roy Kreitner, Yishai Blank & Shai Lavi - 2007 - Theoretical Inquiries in Law 8 (1):1-7.
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  11. Organ donation, brain death and the limits of liberal bioethics.Hagai Boas & Shai Lavi - 2018 - In Hagai Boas, Shai Joshua Lavi, Yael Hashiloni-Dolev, Dani Filc & Nadav Davidovitch (eds.), Bioethics and biopolitics in Israel: socio-legal, political and empirical analysis. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press.
     
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  12.  70
    Abraham Joshua Heschel: The Call of Transcendence.Shai Held - 2013 - Indiana University Press.
    Abraham Joshua Heschel was a prolific scholar, impassioned theologian, and prominent activist who participated in the black civil rights movement and the campaign against the Vietnam War. He has been hailed as a hero, honored as a visionary, and endlessly quoted as a devotional writer. In this sympathetic, yet critical, examination, Shai Held elicits the overarching themes and unity of Heschel’s incisive and insightful thought. Focusing on the idea of transcendence—or the movement from self-centeredness to God-centeredness—Held puts Heschel (...)
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  13. Introduction : bioethics in Israel.Nadav Davidovitch Hagai Boas, Dani Filc Yael Hashiloni-Dolev & Shai Lavi - 2018 - In Hagai Boas, Shai Joshua Lavi, Yael Hashiloni-Dolev, Dani Filc & Nadav Davidovitch (eds.), Bioethics and biopolitics in Israel: socio-legal, political and empirical analysis. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press.
     
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  14.  93
    Judaism, darwinism, and the typology of suffering.Shai Cherry - 2011 - Zygon 46 (2):317-329.
    Abstract. Darwinism has attracted proportionately less attention from Jewish thinkers than from Christian thinkers. One significant reason for the disparity is that the theodicies created by Jews to contend with the catastrophes which punctuated Jewish history are equally suited to address the massive extinctions which characterize natural history. Theologies of divine hiddenness, restraint, and radical immanence, coming together in the sixteenth-century mystical cosmogony of Isaac Luria, have been rehabilitated and reworked by modern Jewish thinkers in the post-Darwin era.
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  15. Dual character concepts and the normative dimension of conceptual representation.Joshua Knobe, Sandeep Prasada & George Newman - 2013 - Cognition 127 (2):242-257.
    Five experiments provide evidence for a class of ‘dual character concepts.’ Dual character concepts characterize their members in terms of both (a) a set of concrete features and (b) the abstract values that these features serve to realize. As such, these concepts provide two bases for evaluating category members and two different criteria for category membership. Experiment 1 provides support for the notion that dual character concepts have two bases for evaluation. Experiments 2-4 explore the claim that dual character concepts (...)
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  16. Epistemic modals and context: Experimental data.Joshua Knobe & Seth Yalcin - 2014 - Semantics and Pragmatics 7 (10):1-21.
    Recently, a number of theorists (MacFarlane (2003, 2011), Egan et al. (2005), Egan (2007), Stephenson (2007a,b)) have argued that an adequate semantics and pragmatics for epistemic modals calls for some technical notion of relativist truth and/or relativist content. Much of this work has relied on an empirical thesis about speaker judgments, namely that competent speakers tend to judge a present-tense bare epistemic possibility claim true only if the prejacent is compatible with their information. Relativists have in particular appealed to judgments (...)
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  17. Experimental Philosophy is Cognitive Science.Joshua Knobe - 2016 - In Wesley Buckwalter & Justin Sytsma (eds.), Blackwell Companion to Experimental Philosophy. Malden, MA: Blackwell. pp. 37–52.
    One of the most influential methodological contributions of twentieth‐century philosophy was the approach known as conceptual analysis. The majority of experimental philosophy papers are doing cognitive science. They are revealing surprising new effects and then offering explanations those effects in terms of certain underlying cognitive processes. The best way to get a sense for actual research programs in experimental philosophy is to look in detail at one particular example. This chapter considers the effect of moral considerations on intuitions about intentional (...)
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  18. Reason explanation in folk psychology.Joshua Knobe - 2007 - Midwest Studies in Philosophy 31 (1):90–106.
    Consider the following explanation: (1) George took his umbrella because it was just about to rain. This is an explanation of a quite distinctive sort. It is profoundly different from the sort of explanation we might use to explain, say, the movements of a bouncing ball or the gradual rise of the tide on a beach. Unlike these other types of explanations, it explains an agent’s behavior by describing the agent’s own _reasons_ for performing that behavior. Explanations that work in (...)
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  19. The case for Nietzschean moral psychology.Joshua Knobe & Brian Leiter - 2007 - In Brian Leiter & Neil Sinhababu (eds.), Nietzsche and morality. New York: Oxford University Press.
    Contemporary moral psychology has been dominated by two broad traditions, one usually associated with Aristotle, the other with Kant. The broadly Aristotelian approach emphasizes the role of childhood upbringing in the development of good moral character, and the role of such character in ethical behavior. The broadly Kantian approach emphasizes the role of freely chosen conscious moral principles in ethical behavior. We review a growing body of experimental evidence that suggests that both of these approaches are predicated on an implausible (...)
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  20. Theory of mind and moral cognition: Exploring the connections.Joshua Knobe - 2005 - Trends in Cognitive Science 9 (8):357-359.
    An extremely brief (3 page) review of recent work on the ways in which people's moral judgments can influence their use of folk-psychological concepts.
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  21. Folk Psychology and Folk Morality: Response to Critics.Joshua Knobe - 2004 - Journal of Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology 24 (2):270-279.
    It is often implied, and sometimes explicitly asserted, that folk psychology is best understood as a kind of predictive device. The key contention of this widely held view is that people apply folk-psychological concepts because the application of these concepts enables them to predict future behavior. If we know what an agent believes, desires, intends, etc., we can make a pretty good guess about what he or she will do next. It seems to me that this picture is not quite (...)
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  22. Pessimism: Philosophy, Ethic, Spirit.Joshua Foa Dienstag - 2009 - Princeton University Press.
    Pessimism claims an impressive following--from Rousseau, Schopenhauer, and Nietzsche, to Freud, Camus, and Foucault. Yet "pessimist" remains a term of abuse--an accusation of a bad attitude--or the diagnosis of an unhappy psychological state. Pessimism is thought of as an exclusively negative stance that inevitably leads to resignation or despair. Even when pessimism looks like utter truth, we are told that it makes the worst of a bad situation. Bad for the individual, worse for the species--who would actually counsel pessimism? (...) Foa Dienstag does. In Pessimism, he challenges the received wisdom about pessimism, arguing that there is an unrecognized yet coherent and vibrant pessimistic philosophical tradition. More than that, he argues that pessimistic thought may provide a critically needed alternative to the increasingly untenable progressivist ideas that have dominated thinking about politics throughout the modern period. Laying out powerful grounds for pessimism's claim that progress is not an enduring feature of human history, Dienstag argues that political theory must begin from this predicament. He persuasively shows that pessimism has been--and can again be--an energizing and even liberating philosophy, an ethic of radical possibility and not just a criticism of faith. The goal--of both the pessimistic spirit and of this fascinating account of pessimism--is not to depress us, but to edify us about our condition and to fortify us for life in a disordered and disenchanted universe. (shrink)
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  23. Experimental philosophy and philosophical significance.Joshua Knobe - 2007 - Philosophical Explorations 10 (2):119 – 121.
    Kauppinen argues that experimental philosophy cannot help us to address questions about the semantics of our concepts and that it therefore has little to contribute to the discipline of philosophy. This argument raises fascinating questions in the philosophy of language, but it is simply a red herring in the present context. Most researchers in experimental philosophy were not trying to resolve semantic questions in the first place. Their aim was rather to address a more traditional sort of question, the sort (...)
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  24.  83
    Evaluating (and Improving) the Correspondence Between Deep Neural Networks and Human Representations.Joshua C. Peterson, Joshua T. Abbott & Thomas L. Griffiths - 2018 - Cognitive Science 42 (8):2648-2669.
    Decades of psychological research have been aimed at modeling how people learn features and categories. The empirical validation of these theories is often based on artificial stimuli with simple representations. Recently, deep neural networks have reached or surpassed human accuracy on tasks such as identifying objects in natural images. These networks learn representations of real‐world stimuli that can potentially be leveraged to capture psychological representations. We find that state‐of‐the‐art object classification networks provide surprisingly accurate predictions of human similarity judgments for (...)
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  25.  80
    Newtonian forces and evolutionary biology: A problem and solution for extending the force interpretation.Joshua Filler - 2009 - Philosophy of Science 76 (5):774-783.
    There has recently been a renewed interest in the “force” interpretation of evolutionary biology. In this article, I present the general structure of the arguments for the force interpretation and identify a problem in its overly permissive conditions for being a Newtonian force. I then attempt a solution that (1) helps to illuminate the difference between forces and other types of causes and (2) makes room for random genetic drift as a force. In particular, I argue that forces are not (...)
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  26.  19
    The impact of caring for dying patients in intensive care units on a physician’s personhood: a systematic scoping review.Joshua Tze Yin Kuek, Lisa Xin Ling Ngiam, Nur Haidah Ahmad Kamal, Jeng Long Chia, Natalie Pei Xin Chan, Ahmad Bin Hanifah Marican Abdurrahman, Chong Yao Ho, Lorraine Hui En Tan, Jun Leng Goh, Michelle Shi Qing Khoo, Yun Ting Ong, Min Chiam, Annelissa Mien Chew Chin, Stephen Mason & Lalit Kumar Radha Krishna - 2020 - Philosophy, Ethics, and Humanities in Medicine 15 (1):1-16.
    Background Supporting physicians in Intensive Care Units s as they face dying patients at unprecedented levels due to the COVID-19 pandemic is critical. Amidst a dearth of such data and guided by evidence that nurses in ICUs experience personal, professional and existential issues in similar conditions, a systematic scoping review is proposed to evaluate prevailing accounts of physicians facing dying patients in ICUs through the lens of Personhood. Such data would enhance understanding and guide the provision of better support for (...)
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  27.  53
    The Primacy of the Personalist Concept of God in Jewish Thought.Jacob Joshua Ross - 1999 - Journal of Jewish Thought and Philosophy 8 (2):171-199.
  28. The case for Nietzschean moral psychology.Joshua Knobe & Brian Leiter - 2007 - In Brian Leiter & Neil Sinhababu (eds.), Nietzsche and morality. New York: Oxford University Press.
    Contemporary moral psychology has been dominated by two broad traditions, one usually associated with Aristotle, the other with Kant. The broadly Aristotelian approach emphasizes the role of childhood upbringing in the development of good moral character, and the role of such character in ethical behavior. The broadly Kantian approach emphasizes the role of freely chosen conscious moral principles in ethical behavior. We review a growing body of experimental evidence that suggests that both of these approaches are predicated on an implausible (...)
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  29. The weak □* is really weaker than the full □.Shai Ben-David & Menachem Magidor - 1986 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 51 (4):1029 - 1033.
  30. Experimental philosophy and folk concepts: Methodological considerations.Joshua Knobe & Arudra Burra - 2006 - Journal of Cognition and Culture 6 (1-2):331-342.
    Experimental philosophy is a comparatively new field of research, and it is only natural that many of the key methodological questions have not even been asked, much less answered. In responding to the comments of our critics, we therefore find ourselves brushing up against difficult questions about the aims and techniques of our whole enterprise. We will do our best to address these issues here, but the field is progressing at a rapid clip, and we suspect that it will be (...)
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  31. The Oxford Studies in Experimental Philosophy.Joshua Knobe & Shaun Nichols (eds.) - 2020 - Oxford University Press.
     
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  32. Animal suffering, evolution, and the origins of evil: Toward a “free creatures” defense.Joshua M. Moritz - 2014 - Zygon 49 (2):348-380.
    Does an affirmation of theistic evolution make the task of theodicy impossible? In this article, I will review a number of ancient and contemporary responses to the problem of evil as it concerns animal suffering and suggest a possible way forward which employs the ancient Jewish insight that evil—as resistance to God's will that results in suffering and alienation from God's purposes—precedes the arrival of human beings and already has a firm foothold in the nonhuman animal world long before humans (...)
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  33.  88
    Trust and Transparency: Patient Perceptions of Physicians' Financial Relationships with Pharmaceutical Companies.Joshua E. Perry, Dena Cox & Anthony D. Cox - 2014 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 42 (4):475-491.
    Financial relationships and business transactions between physicians and the health care industry are common. These relationships take a variety of forms, including payments to physicians in exchange for consulting services, reimbursement of physician travel expenses when attending medical device and pharmaceutical educational conferences, physician ownership in life science company stocks, and the provision of free drug samples. Such practices are not intrinsic to medical practice, but as the Institute of Medicine described in its 2009 report, these relationships have the potential (...)
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  34.  29
    Ethical failings of CPSO policy and the health care consent act: case review.Joshua T. Landry, Rakesh Patel, David Neilipovitz, Kwadwo Kyeremanteng & Gianni D’Egidio - 2019 - BMC Medical Ethics 20 (1):20.
    End-of-life disputes in Ontario are currently overwhelmingly assessed through the singular lens of patient autonomy. The current dispute resolution mechanism does not adequately consider evidence-based medical guidelines, standards of care, the patient’s best interests, expert opinion, or distributive justice. We discuss two cases adjudicated by the Consent and Capacity board of Ontario that demonstrate the over emphasis on patient autonomy. Current health care policy and the Health Care Consent Act also place emphasis on patient autonomy without considering other ethically defensible (...)
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  35. Editorial: Psychology and Experimental Philosophy.Joshua Knobe, Tania Lombrozo & Edouard Machery - 2010 - Review of Philosophy and Psychology 1 (2):157-160.
    Recent years have seen an explosion of new work at the intersection of philosophy and experimental psychology. This work takes the concerns with moral and conceptual issues that have so long been associated with philosophy and connects them with the use of systematic and well-controlled empirical investigations that one more typically finds in psychology. Work in this new field often goes under the name "experimental philosophy".
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  36.  25
    MESSAGES OF EXCLUSION: Gender, Movements, and Symbolic Boundaries.Joshua Gamson - 1997 - Gender and Society 11 (2):178-199.
    This article examines two disputes within sex and gender movements, using them to think through inclusion/exclusion processes, the place of such explosions in the construction of collective identity, and the gendered nature of social movements. Literatures on collective identity emphasize the ways boundary negotiation reinforces the solidarity necessary for collective action and note benefits of solid boundaries, yet downplay the role of internal conflict in the making of collective identities. The cases examined here both involved the explicit expulsion of some (...)
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  37. Leibniz: Naturalism and Eudaemonism.Charles Joshua Horn - 2011 - Philosophical Forum 42 (3):300-301.
  38.  26
    Politics and Sinology: The Case of Naitō Konan (1866-1934)Politics and Sinology: The Case of Naito Konan.Leon Hurvitz & Joshua A. Fogel - 1985 - Journal of the American Oriental Society 105 (4):769.
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  39. Intuitions in the test-tube.Joshua Knobe - 2004 - The Philosophers' Magazine 28:37-39.
    Since the earliest days of analytic philosophy, it has been a common practice to appeal to intuitions about particular cases. Typically, the philosopher presents a hypothetical situation and then makes a claim of the form: ‘In this case, we would surely say....’ This claim about people’s intuitions then forms a part of an argument for some more general theory about the nature of our concepts or our use of language. One puzzling aspect of this practice is that it so rarely (...)
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  40.  34
    (1 other version)An Immaterial Substance View: Imago Dei in Creation and Redemption.Joshua R. Farris - 2016 - Heythrop Journal 57 (6).
  41.  28
    Terrible choices in the septic child: a response to the PALOH trial round table authors.Joshua Parker & David Wright - 2021 - Journal of Medical Ethics 47 (2):114-116.
    In this response article, we challenge a core assumption that lies at the centre of a round table discussion regarding the Pharmacogenetics to Avoid Loss of Hearing trial. The round table regards a genetic test for a variant (mt.1555A>G) that increases the risk of deafness if a carrier is given the antibiotic gentamicin. The idea is that rapid testing can identify neonates at risk, providing an opportunity to prevent giving an antibiotic that might cause deafness. We challenge the assumption that (...)
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  42.  2
    The Nexus Between Health Care Spending and Economic Growth in Selected Countries in Sub-Sahara Africa.Osobase Anthony, Ojo Joshua & Ajao Abiola - 2024 - Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities 63 (1):1-21.
    _The study investigates the relationship between healthcare spending and economic growth in six selected Sub-Saharan African countries: Nigeria, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Cameroon, and Ethiopia. The study employs the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model as an estimation technique to analyse the panel data which spans from 2000 to 2020. The research examines both the short- and long-run impacts of healthcare spending, population growth, and life expectancy on real GDP (a proxy for economic growth). Based on the ARDL panel results, it is (...)
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  43.  82
    A set theory with support for partial functions.William M. Farmer & Joshua D. Guttman - 2000 - Studia Logica 66 (1):59-78.
    Partial functions can be easily represented in set theory as certain sets of ordered pairs. However, classical set theory provides no special machinery for reasoning about partial functions. For instance, there is no direct way of handling the application of a function to an argument outside its domain as in partial logic. There is also no utilization of lambda-notation and sorts or types as in type theory. This paper introduces a version of von-Neumann-Bernays-Gödel set theory for reasoning about sets, proper (...)
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  44.  20
    Desire for Destruction: The Rhetoric of Evil and Apocalyptic Violence.Joshua Mills-Knutsen - 2010 - In Nancy Billias (ed.), Promoting and producing evil. New York: Rodopi. pp. 63--287.
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  45. The Development of the Amesian Methodology for Comparative Philosophy.Haiming Wen & Joshua Mason - 2021 - In Ian M. Sullivan & Joshua Mason (eds.), One corner of the square: essays on the philosophy of Roger T. Ames. Honolulu: University of Hawaiʻi Press.
     
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  46. Milton Friedman on Freedom and the Negative Income Tax.Joshua Preiss - forthcoming - Basic Income Studies 10.
    In addition to his Noble Prize-winning work in economics, Milton Friedman produced some of the most influential philosophical work on the role of government in a free society. Despite his great influence, there remains a dearth of scholarship on Friedman’s social and political philosophy. This paper helps to fill this large void by providing a conceptual analysis of Friedman’s theory of freedom. In addition, I argue that a careful reading of his arguments for freedom ought to lead Friedman, and like-minded (...)
     
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  47. Deweyan Democracy, Robert Talisse, and the Fact of Reasonable Pluralism: A Rawlsian Response.Joshua Forstenzer - 2017 - Transactions of the Charles S. Peirce Society 53 (4):553.
    Over the last decade, Robert Talisse has developed a devastating argument against reviving John Dewey’s democratic ideal. In his book, A Pragmatist Philosophy of Democracy, and in other essays, Talisse has argued that Deweyan democracy fails to accommodate Rawls’ conception of “the fact of reasonable pluralism” because it is committed to a perfectionist conception of the good. In response, this article offers a Rawlsian rebuttal to Talisse by drawing on Rawls’ own characterisation of perfectionism to show that Dewey’s conception of (...)
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  48.  41
    Reparative Substitution and the ‘Efficacy Objection’: Toward a Modified Satisfaction Theory of Atonement.Joshua R. Farris & S. Mark Hamilton - 2017 - Perichoresis 15 (3):97-110.
    The doctrine of the atonement is a subject of perpetual curiosity for a number of contemporary theologians. The penal substitution theory of atonement in particular has precipitated a great deal of recent interest, being held up by many Protestants as ‘the’ doctrine of atonement. In this essay, we make a defense against the objection to the Anselmian theory of atonement that is often leveled against it by exponents of the Penal Substitution theory, namely, that Christ’s work does not accomplish anything (...)
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  49.  14
    Kierkegaardian echoes: The reception of Kierkegaard in twentieth- and twenty-first-century philosophy and theology.Antonio Cimino & Joshua Furnal - 2019 - International Journal of Philosophy and Theology 80 (4-5):305-306.
    ABSTRACTIn this short introductory contribution the guest editors of this special issue sketch its aim and context.
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  50. Student Perceptions of the Ethics of Professors.Hershey Friedman, Joshua Fogel & Linda Friedman - 2005 - Electronic Journal of Business Ethics and Organization Studies 10 (2):10-15.
    Ethical violations are becoming common in the business world. Teaching proper ethical behavior can begin in college. In this study, we surveyed 350 students to determine what affects students’ perceptions of the ethics of professors and to determine whether or not taking a course in ethics changes this perception. The most important factor in determining whether or not a professor is ethical is “fairness in grading.” Surprisingly, there was no statistically significant difference between students who took a course in ethics (...)
     
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